The Coinbase Quantum Advisory Board released a report on digital asset migration, warning about the vulnerability of old Bitcoin Public Key (P2PK) addresses. The threat of quantum attacks is around 1.7 million BTC, including coins from network founder Satoshi Nakamoto, and in total the risk may reach up to 7 million BTC. The experts identified three basic scenarios for solving the problem: full incineration of assets after a deadline, non-interference to preserve property rights, or interim measures with limits on withdrawing funds.

As compromise mechanisms, the council proposed several technical solutions. Among them is the Hourglass protocol to limit the amount of funds withdrawn in one block, which will prevent a market crash; BIP-361 using ZK evidence to confirm possession of old keys without disclosing them; and PACTs to create secure funds transfer commitments before a real quantum threat arises. The report’s authors emphasized that the technical side of the transition to post-quantum cryptography is already clear, and the main challenges lie in community governance and consensus-building.

Although quantum computers do not yet pose an immediate threat to the network, the developers recommended starting to prepare migration protocols now. The situation around Satoshi Nakamoto coins remains one of the most discussed: earlier, in December 2025, analyst Willy Wu suggested that in case of a quantum attack, "veteran bitocons" would try to buy Satoshi Nakamoto coins.